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- Configuration 13157
- DuckDB has a number of configuration options that can be used to change the behavior of the system. The configuration options can be set using either the SET statement or the PRAGMA statement . They can be reset to their original values usi
...tor_background_threads Whether to enable the allocator background threads. BOOLEAN false allocator_bulk_deallocation_flush_threshold If a bulk deallocation larger than this occurs, flush outstanding allocations. VARCHAR 512.0 MiB allocator_flush_threshold...Peak allocation threshold at which to flush the allocator after completing a task. VARCHAR 134217728B allow_asterisks_in_http_paths Allow '*' charac...iles that are ALWAYS allowed to be queried, even when enable_external_access is false. VARCHAR[] [] approximate_join_order_threshold The minimum number of tables in a join to determine the optimal join order approximately instead of exactly. UBIGINT 12 ar... - https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/configuration/overview.html
- Join Operations 10887
- How to Force a Join Order DuckDB has a cost-based query optimizer, which uses statistics in the base tables (stored in a DuckDB database or Parquet files) to estimate the cardinality of operations. Turn off the Join Order Optimizer To turn
...omes expensive, so for large joins the optimizer switches to an approximate (greedy) algorithm. The approximate_join_order_threshold setting controls when this happens: joins with at least this many tables are ordered approximately, while joins with fewer...default value is 12. For example, to use the exact algorithm for joins of up to 15 tables, run: SET approximate_join_order_threshold = 16; Raising the threshold can lead to better join orders for queries with many joins at the cost of longer optimization...times. Lowering it reduces optimization time for large joins. Even below the threshold, the optimizer falls back to the approximate algorithm if exact enumeration exceeds its internal budget.... - https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/guides/performance/join_operations.html
- Pivot Internals 9278
- PIVOT Pivoting is implemented as a combination of SQL query re-writing and a dedicated PhysicalPivot operator for higher performance. Each PIVOT is implemented as set of aggregations into lists and then the dedicated PhysicalPivot operator
...te into list-based aggregations shown above is used only when the number of distinct pivot values exceeds the pivot_filter_threshold configuration option (default 20 ). Below that threshold, DuckDB instead uses filtered aggregates. The list-based approach...materializes all values in memory, so you can lower or raise pivot_filter_threshold to trade off time against memory usage. UNPIVOT Internals Unpivoting is implemented entirely as rewrites into SQL queries.... - https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/internals/pivot.html
- Loading JSON 9171
- The DuckDB JSON reader can automatically infer which configuration flags to use by analyzing the JSON file. This will work correctly in most situations, and should be the first option attempted. In rare situations where the JSON reader cann
...ESTAMPTZ . VARCHAR iso union_by_name Whether the schemas of multiple JSON files should be unified BOOL false map_inference_threshold Controls the threshold for number of columns whose schema will be auto-detected; if JSON schema auto-detection would infer...a STRUCT type for a field that has more than this threshold number of subfields, it infers a MAP type instead. Set to -1 to disable MAP inference. BIGINT 200 field_appearance_thresho...rances of each JSON field by the auto-detection sample size. If the average over the fields of an object is less than this threshold, it will default to using a MAP type with value type of merged field types. DOUBLE 0.1 geojson When true , parse GeoJSON g... - https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/data/json/loading_json.html
- Output Formats 8992
- The .mode dot command may be used to change the appearance of the tables returned in the terminal output. In addition to customizing the appearance, these modes have additional benefits. This can be useful for presenting DuckDB output elsew
...igation. The pager has three modes: automatic (default) – The pager is triggered when the result exceeds the row or column threshold. on – The pager is always used for output. off – The pager is disabled. .pager on .pager off .pager automatic In automatic...mode, the thresholds for triggering the pager can be configured: .pager set_row_threshold 50 .pager set_column_threshold 5 A custom pager comm... - https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/clients/cli/output_formats.html
- Indexing 8223
- DuckDB has two types of indexes: zonemaps and ART indexes. Zonemaps DuckDB automatically creates zonemaps (also known as min-max indexes) for the columns of all general-purpose data types . Operations like predicate pushdown into scan opera
...e for index scans: CREATE INDEX idx_multi_column ON tbl (col1, col2); CREATE INDEX idx_expr ON tbl (col1 + 1); The default threshold for index scans is MAX(2048, 0.001 * table_cardinality) . You can configure this threshold via index_scan_percentage and i... - https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/guides/performance/indexing.html
- ODBC Extension Functions 7562
- odbc_begin_transaction odbc_bind_params odbc_close odbc_commit odbc_connect odbc_copy odbc_create_params odbc_list_data_sources odbc_list_drivers odbc_query odbc_rollback odbc_begin_transaction odbc_begin_transaction(conn_handle BIGINT) ->
...alues as a single read (used when a driver does not support Retrieving Variable-Length Data in Parts ) var_len_params_long_threshold_bytes ( UINTEGER , default: 4000 ): a length threshold after that SQL_WVARCHAR parameters are passed as SQL_WLONGVARCHAR e... - https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/core_extensions/odbc/functions.html
- Geometry Data Type 7472
- Name Description GEOMETRY Geospatial entity The GEOMETRY data type is used to store and manipulate geometric objects, such as points, lines, and polygons. The GEOMETRY type was part of the spatial extension but became a built-in data type i
...geometries, or multiple geometry sub-types. Additionally, row groups are not shredded if they fall below the minimum size threshold (default: ~25% of the maximum row group size, i.e., 30,000 rows). This threshold is configurable via the geometry_minimum_... - https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/sql/data_types/geometry.html
- Utility Functions 7472
- Scalar Utility Functions The functions below are difficult to categorize into specific function types and are broadly useful. Name Description alias(column) Return the name of the column. can_cast_implicitly(source_value, target_value) Whet
...and normalizing the case of keywords. The optional config is a MAP(VARCHAR, VARCHAR) with the keys 'indent_size' , 'inline_threshold' and 'keyword_case' ( 'upper' , 'lower' or 'preserve' ). Provided by the autocomplete extension. error(message) Throws the...and normalizing the case of keywords. The optional config is a MAP(VARCHAR, VARCHAR) with the keys 'indent_size' , 'inline_threshold' and 'keyword_case' ( 'upper' , 'lower' or 'preserve' ). Provided by the autocomplete extension. | | Example | duckdb_form... - https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/sql/functions/utility.html
- Relational API 7079
- The Relational API builds a query one step at a time from Python. A relation, a DuckDBPyRelation , is a piece of SQL text: the methods of the Transformation and Functions sections return a new relation whose text extends the one they were c
...to_integers : bool, keyword-only, default: None Whether strings that hold integers are read as numbers. * field_appearance_threshold : float, keyword-only, default: None When the fields of an object appear, on average, in a smaller fraction of the sampled...objects than this, the object is read as a MAP . * map_inference_threshold : int, keyword-only, default: None An object with more fields than this is read as a MAP instead of a STRUCT ; -1 never re... - https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/clients/python/relational_api.html
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