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Geometry Data Type 13645
Name Description GEOMETRY Geospatial entity The GEOMETRY data type is used to store and manipulate geometric objects, such as points, lines, and polygons. The GEOMETRY type was part of the spatial extension but became a built-in data type i ... tion Point A single location in space, defined by its coordinates (e.g., longitude and latitude). LineString A sequence of points connected by straight lines, representing a path or route. Polygon A set of closed rings defined by a sequence of points, ... footprint. The first ring is the "shell", and "interior" rings represent holes in the polygon. MultiPoint A collection of points. MultiLineString A collection of LineStrings. MultiPolygon A collection of Polygons. GeometryCollection A collection of di ... fferent geometry types, allowing for complex geometries that combine points, lines, and polygons or even other nested geometry collections. The textual representation of geometries uses "Well-Known ...
https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/sql/data_types/geometry.html
Spatial Functions 12932
Function Index Scalar Functions Function Summary DuckDB_PROJ_Compiled_Version Returns a text description of the PROJ library version that this instance of DuckDB was compiled against. DuckDB_Proj_Version Returns a text description of the PR ... e geometry as a WKB (Well-Known-Binary) blob ST_Azimuth Returns the azimuth (a clockwise angle measured from north) of two points in radian. ST_Boundary Returns the "boundary" of a geometry ST_Buffer Returns a buffer around the input geometry at the ta ... yped multi geometry. ST_ConcaveHull Returns the 'concave' hull of the input geometry, containing all of the source input's points, and which can be used to create polygons from points. The ratio parameter dictates the level of concavity; 1.0 returns th ... arth ST_LineInterpolatePoint Returns a point interpolated along a line at a fraction of total 2D length. ST_LineInterpolatePoints Returns a multi-point interpolated along a line at a fraction of total 2D length. ST_LineLocatePoint Returns the location ...
https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/core_extensions/spatial/functions.html
Aggregate Functions 10162
Examples Produce a single row containing the sum of the amount column: SELECT sum(amount) FROM sales; Produce one row per unique region, containing the sum of amount for each group: SELECT region, sum(amount) FROM sales GROUP BY region; Ret ... t sale using the first() aggregate function: SELECT first(amount ORDER BY date ASC) FROM sales; Downsample a series of 100 points to 5 points that preserve its visual shape using the lttb() aggregate function : SELECT unnest(lttb(x, sin(x), 5 ORDER BY ... ning a DECIMAL with the same width and scale as the input. favg(arg) Calculates the average using a more accurate floating point summation (Kahan Sum). This function is affected by ordering . first(arg) Returns the first value (null or non-null) from a ... rg . This function is affected by ordering . fsum(arg) Calculates the sum using a more accurate floating point summation (Kahan Sum). This function is affected by ordering . geometric_mean(arg) Calculates the geometric mean of all non ...
https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/sql/functions/aggregates.html
PostgreSQL Extension Connection Pool 8513
PostgreSQL server spawns a backend process for every incoming client connection. This model leads to the two following points with the postgres extension that can cause performance problems: opening a new connection is relatively expensive ... the number of the connections opened at the same time should not be too high To deal with these points the extensions uses an in-memory connection pool. With it a limited number of connections are kept open (and idle) after u ...
https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/core_extensions/postgres/connection_pool.html
R-Tree Indexes 8207
The spatial extension provides support for spatial indexing through the R-tree extension index type. Why Should I Use an R-Tree Index? When working with geospatial datasets, it is very common that you want to filter rows based on their spat ... s used when the table is filtered with a spatial predicate: INSTALL AND LOAD spatial; -- Create a table with 10_000 random points CREATE TABLE t1 AS SELECT point::GEOMETRY AS geom FROM st_generatepoints({min_x: 0, min_y: 0, max_x: 100, max_y: 100}::BOX ... W_TYPE If this is a leaf node, the rowid of the row in the table, otherwise NULL Example: -- Create a table with 64 random points CREATE TABLE t1 AS SELECT point::GEOMETRY AS geom FROM st_generatepoints({min_x: 0, min_y: 0, max_x: 100, max_y: 100}::BOX ...
https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/core_extensions/spatial/r-tree_indexes.html
Window Functions 8207
DuckDB supports window functions , which can use multiple rows to calculate a value for each row. Window functions are blocking operators , i.e., they require their entire input to be buffered, making them one of the most memory-intensive o ... current row when ROWS framing is used. ROWS Framing Here is a simple ROW frame query, using an aggregate function: SELECT points, sum(points) OVER ( ROWS BETWEEN 1 PRECEDING AND 1 FOLLOWING) AS we FROM results; This query computes the sum of each poin ... t and the points on either side of it: Notice that at the edge of the partition, there are only two values added together. This is because ...
https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/sql/functions/window_functions.html
Troubleshoot 7987
Overview This page collects common issues encountered when using the DuckDB Rust client, together with their workarounds. If you run into a problem that is not covered here, search the client's issue tracker on GitHub. Linking against a Sys ... Build The loadable-extension feature builds a DuckDB extension rather than a client application. When it is enabled, entry points such as Connection::open_in_memory() panic if they are called outside an extension context, because there is no host DuckD ...
https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/clients/rust/troubleshoot.html
Constraints 7885
In SQL, constraints can be specified for tables. Constraints enforce certain properties over data that is inserted into a table. Constraints can be specified along with the schema of the table as part of the CREATE TABLE statement . In cert ... nique constraint that is defined in the table. Primary key constraints and unique constraints are identical except for two points: A table can only have one primary key constraint defined, but many unique constraints A primary key constraint also enfor ...
https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/sql/constraints.html
Connect 7783
Overview Every DuckDB feature reachable from Java starts with a Connection . This page covers the JDBC URL forms the driver accepts, how DuckDB and driver options are passed and which of them win, how connections come to share (or not share ... SHA-256 digest of the session init SQL file. URL-only. Running SQL at Connection Startup The session_init_sql_file option points the driver at a SQL file on the local file system that is executed before the connection is returned to the caller. It is ... . Warning The SQL in the file runs with the full privileges of the connection. Treat the connection string and the file it points at as trusted input. Database Instances and Instance Caching The JDBC URL determines whether connections share a single un ... losing Connections DuckDB shuts down a database when its last open connection is closed. Closing the final connection checkpoints the database, which merges the write-ahead log (the .wal file) into the database file and then removes it. See Files Creat ...
https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/clients/java/connecting.html
Installing Extensions 7783
To install core DuckDB extensions, use the INSTALL command. For example: INSTALL httpfs; This installs the extension from the default repository ( core ). Extension Repositories By default, DuckDB extensions are installed from a single repo ... ures the stability and security of the core set of extensions. These extensions live in the default core repository, which points to http://extensions.duckdb.org . Besides the core repository, DuckDB also supports installing extensions from other repos ...
https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/extensions/installing_extensions.html
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