Results of 1 - 10 of about 112 for between (0.003 sec.)
- Comparisons 15612
- Comparison Operators The table below shows the standard comparison operators. Whenever either of the input arguments is NULL , the output of the comparison is NULL . Operator Description Example Result < less than 2 < 3 true > greater than
...quire stricter type-checking, consider creating a macro with the typeof function or implementing a user-defined function . BETWEEN and IS [NOT] NULL Besides the standard comparison operators there are also the BETWEEN and IS (NOT) NULL operators. These...ve much like operators, but have special syntax mandated by the SQL standard. They are shown in the table below. Note that BETWEEN and NOT BETWEEN are only equivalent to the examples below in the cases where both a , x and y are of the same type, as BET...WEEN will cast all of its inputs to the same type. Predicate Description a BETWEEN x AND y equivalent to x <= a AND a <= y a NOT BETWEEN x AND y equivalent to x > a OR a > y expression IS NULL true if expr... - https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/sql/expressions/comparison_operators.html
- Array Functions 11124
- All LIST functions work with the ARRAY data type . Additionally, several ARRAY -native functions are also supported. Array-Native Functions Function Description array_cosine_distance(array1, array2) Computes the cosine distance between two
...as long as the size is the same for both arguments. array_cosine_similarity(array1, array2) Computes the cosine similarity between two arrays of the same size. The array elements cannot be NULL . The arrays can have any size as long as the size is the s...product of two arrays of size 3. The array elements cannot be NULL . array_distance(array1, array2) Computes the distance between two arrays of the same size. The array elements cannot be NULL . The arrays can have any size as long as the size is the s...dot_product(array1, array2) Alias for array_inner_product . array_inner_product(array1, array2) Computes the inner product between two arrays of the same size. The array elements cannot be NULL . The arrays can have any size as long as the size is the s... - https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/sql/functions/array.html
- Spatial Functions 9898
- Function Index Scalar Functions Function Summary DuckDB_PROJ_Compiled_Version Returns a text description of the PROJ library version that this instance of DuckDB was compiled against. DuckDB_Proj_Version Returns a text description of the PR
...T_CoverageSimplify Simplify the edges in a polygonal coverage, preserving the coverage by ensuring that there are no seams between the resulting simplified polygons. ST_CoverageUnion Union all geometries in a polygonal coverage into a single geometry. S...ithin a target distance in meters, using an ellipsoidal model of the earths surface ST_Difference Returns the "difference" between two geometries ST_Dimension Returns the "topological dimension" of a geometry. ST_Disjoint Returns true if the geometries...are disjoint ST_Distance Returns the planar distance between two geometries ST_Distance_GEOS Returns the planar distance between two geometries ST_Distance_Sphere Returns the haversin... - https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/core_extensions/spatial/functions.html
- List Functions 8671
- Function Description list[index] Extracts a single list element using a (1-based) index . list[begin[:end][:step]] Extracts a sublist using slice conventions . Negative values are accepted. list1 && list2 Alias for list_has_any . list1 <->
...flatten(nested_list) Flattens a nested list by one level. generate_series(start[, stop][, step]) Creates a list of values between start and stop - the stop parameter is inclusive. grade_up(list[, col1][, col2]) Alias for list_grade_up . len(list) Alias...t, element) Returns true if the list contains the element. list_cosine_distance(list1, list2) Computes the cosine distance between two same-sized lists. list_cosine_similarity(list1, list2) Computes the cosine similarity between two same-sized lists. li...t_count(list) Applies aggregate function count to the list . list_distance(list1, list2) Calculates the Euclidean distance between two points with coordinates given in two inputs lists of equal length. list_distinct(list) Removes all duplicates and NULL... - https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/sql/functions/list.html
- Window Functions 8671
- DuckDB supports window functions , which can use multiple rows to calculate a value for each row. Window functions are blocking operators , i.e., they require their entire input to be buffered, making them one of the most memory-intensive o
...nd partitioned by region : SELECT row_number() OVER (PARTITION BY region ORDER BY time) FROM sales; Compute the difference between the current and the previous-by- time amount : SELECT amount - lag(amount) OVER (ORDER BY time) FROM sales; Compute the pe...OM sales; Syntax Window functions can be used in the SELECT , ORDER BY , and QUALIFY clauses. To share OVER specifications between functions, use the statement's WINDOW clause and use the OVER ⟨window_name⟩ syntax. General-Purpose Window Functions The t...d from the frame. The default frame is unbounded (i.e., the entire partition) when no ORDER BY clause is present and RANGE BETWEEN UNBOUNDED PRECEDING AND CURRENT ROW when an ORDER BY clause is present. By default, the CURRENT ROW boundary value (but no... - https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/sql/functions/window_functions.html
- Text Functions 8507
- Text Functions and Operators This section describes functions and operators for examining and manipulating STRING values . Function Description string[index] Extracts a single character using a (1-based) index . string[begin:end] Extracts a
...malize(string) Converts string to Unicode NFC normalized string. Useful for comparisons and ordering if text data is mixed between NFC normalized and not. not_ilike_escape(string, like_specifier, escape_character) Returns false if the string matches the...Description | Converts string to Unicode NFC normalized string. Useful for comparisons and ordering if text data is mixed between NFC normalized and not. | | Example | nfc_normalize('ardèch') | | Result | ardèch | not_ilike_escape(string, like_specifi...(e.g., a and A ) are considered different. editdist3(s1, s2) Alias for levenshtein . hamming(s1, s2) The Hamming distance between two strings, i.e., the number of positions with different characters for two strings of equal length. Strings must be of e... - https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/sql/functions/text.html
- Time Functions 8103
- This section describes functions and operators for examining and manipulating TIME values . Time Operators The table below shows the available mathematical operators for TIME types. Operator Description Example Result + addition of an INTER
...he local time zone, as a TIME value without a time zone. date_diff(part, starttime, endtime) The number of part boundaries between starttime and endtime , inclusive of the larger time and exclusive of the smaller time. date_part(part, time) Get subfield...(equivalent to extract ). date_sub(part, starttime, endtime) The signed length of the interval between starttime and endtime , truncated to whole multiples of part . extract(part FROM time) Get subfield from a time. get_curre...| localtime (no parentheses necessary) | date_diff(part, starttime, endtime) | Description | The number of part boundaries between starttime and endtime , inclusive of the larger time and exclusive of the smaller time. | | Example | date_diff('hour', TI... - https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/sql/functions/time.html
- Timestamp Issues 7850
- Timestamp with Time Zone Promotion Casts Working with time zones in SQL can be quite confusing at times. For example, when filtering to a date range, one might try the following query: SET timezone = 'America/Los_Angeles'; CREATE TABLE time
...nd the calendar to the model domain. Half-Open Intervals Another subtle problem in using SQL for temporal analytics is the BETWEEN operator. Temporal analytics almost always uses half-open binning intervals to avoid overlaps at the ends. Unfortunately,...the BETWEEN operator is a closed-closed interval: x BETWEEN begin AND end -- expands to begin <= x AND x <= end -- not begin <= x AND...x < end To avoid this problem, make sure you are explicit about comparison boundaries instead of using BETWEEN .... - https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/guides/sql_features/timestamps.html
- File Formats 7281
- Handling Parquet Files DuckDB has advanced support for Parquet files, which includes directly querying Parquet files . When deciding on whether to query these files directly or to first load them to the database, you need to consider severa
...t Different Row Group Sizes We run a simple aggregation query over Parquet files using different row group sizes, selected between 960 and 1,966,080. The results are as follows. Row group size Execution time 960 8.77 s 1920 8.95 s 3840 4.33 s 7680 2.35...a strongly detrimental effect, making runtimes more than 5-10× larger than ideally-sized row groups, while row group sizes between 5,000 and 20,000 are still 1.5-2.5× off from best performance. Above row group size of 100,000, the differences are small:...the gap is about 10% between the best and the worst runtime. Parquet File Sizes DuckDB can also parallelize across multiple Parquet files. It is advisa... - https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/guides/performance/file_formats.html
- Timestamp Functions 7281
- This section describes functions and operators for examining and manipulating TIMESTAMP values . See also the related TIMESTAMPTZ functions . Timestamp Operators The table below shows the available mathematical operators for TIMESTAMP types
...ions for TIMESTAMP values. Name Description age(timestamp, timestamp) Subtract arguments, resulting in the time difference between the two timestamps. age(timestamp) Subtract from current_date. ago(interval) Subtracts an interval from the current timest...t timestamp (at the start of the transaction). date_diff(part, starttimestamp, endtimestamp) The number of part boundaries between starttimestamp and endtimestamp , inclusive of the larger timestamp and exclusive of the smaller timestamp. date_part([par...amp) Get subfield (equivalent to extract ). date_sub(part, starttimestamp, endtimestamp) The signed length of the interval between starttimestamp and endtimestamp , truncated to whole multiples of part . date_trunc(part, timestamp) Truncate to specified... - https://man.mtool.work/duckdb/2.0/sql/functions/timestamp.html
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